Patterns in diversity and community structure of epipelagic copepods from the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area, south-western Atlantic

Diversity and structure of epipelagic copepod communities were investigated using 70 zooplankton samples collected from the top 50 m of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area between 35° and 55°S. Biogeographic patterns were investigated using multivariate analysis. Biodiversity patterns were examined using different univariate indexes. Representatives of 35 species of copepods from 23 genera and 13 families were found. Two zones were delimited based on their copepod composition, one in the subtropical waters of the Brazil current, and the other in the subantarctic waters of the Malvinas current. Both environments displayed contrasting patterns of biodiversity depending upon which element is measured (regional species richness as well as mean point species richness were significantly higher in the subtropical group of stations, whereas taxonomic distinctness was significantly higher in the subantarctic community). Based on these contrasting results, we suggest the use of both kind of indexes when defining priority areas for conservation.     

Time-series analysis of remote-sensed chlorophyll and environmental factors in the Santa Monica–San Pedro Basin off Southern California

The time-series of remote-sensed surface chlorophyll concentration measured by SeaWiFS radiometer from September 1997 to December 2001 and the relevant hydrological and meteorological factors (remote-sensed sea surface temperature, atmospheric precipitation, air temperature and wind stress) in Santa Monica Bay and adjacent waters off southern California were analyzed using wavelet and cross-correlation statistical methods. All parameters exhibited evident seasonal patterns of variation. Wavelet analysis revealed salient long-term variations most evident in air temperature during El Niño 1997–1998 and in wind stress during La Niña 1998–1999. Short-period (<100 days) variations of remote-sensed chlorophyll biomass were mostly typical to spring seasons. Chlorophyll biomass was significantly correlated with air temperature and wind stress: an increase of chlorophyll biomass followed with 5–6-day time lag an increase of wind stress accompanied by a simultaneous decrease of air temperature. The mechanism of these variations was an intensification of phytoplankton growth resulting from the mixing of water column by wind stress and entrainment of nutrients into the euphotic layer.     

基于遗传算法的重载与非重载去向开行方案比较研究

本文道德简要介绍重载运输在我国开行的现状，在此基础上建立一个重载列车去向模型。引进一个先进的算法－遗传算法求解模型，根据求得最终优化方案，比较普通直达列车和重载列车开行方案的不同，计算结果表明重载列车的开行应该重新调整现有编组计划，而不是仅仅加大原有开行方向上的编成辆数以实现重载。     

FPSO内转塔式系泊系统的接触载荷研究

在介绍两种典型的内转塔式单点系泊系统的基础上,着重探讨了内转塔与船体之间的接触载荷,给出了基于模型试验结果求解内转塔接触载荷的计算公式及接触载荷的分布形式,对某FPS0相关结构的接触载荷进行了计算.结果表明,本文所建议的内转塔式系泊系统的载荷计算方法是可行的,有一定的参考价值.     

FPSO疲劳载荷计算方法研究

FPS0是目前海洋石油开发中经常使用的装置,如何准确的计算出它的使用寿命,对于FPS0的使用和设计至关重要.FPS0既不同于平台也不同于船舶,其疲劳载荷的计算有其特殊性,本文介绍了对于FPSO疲劳载荷的计算方法,实践证明该方法可靠、有效.     

桥梁施工中实用新技术的应用

根据桥梁施工的多年实践，针对钻孔灌桩钢筋笼定位筋制作、梁板底膜预制与泄水孔预留、小型混凝土垫块制备，临时支座制作，桥面混凝土标高控制与钢筋网的保护及防水层、粘结层的设置，混凝土构件的养生等几方面施工难题，列举了一些新工艺、新方法，提出几种比较实用的应用技术。     

重庆鱼洞长江大桥主桥0号块施工技术

由于预应力混凝土连续刚构桥对地形、地质和通航要求适应性强,施工方便,较为经济,已成为大跨径桥梁的首选型。但是,随着连续刚构桥梁跨度的不断增大,处于连续刚构桥梁重要承重结构地位的0号段体积也不断增大,施工技术更加复杂。如何突破0号段施工技术难点,是解决大跨度连续刚构桥梁施工技术的关键。总结中铁十七局在鱼洞长江大桥全国最大的0号块施工时所采取的一系列有效措施和取得的成功经验,为今后的公路、铁路桥悬灌梁0号块的施工提供可以借鉴的施工经验。     

横向型企业集团利润最大化的订单分配模型

当由集团公司统一承接市场订单时，订单在各成员企业问的分配是关键问题．以集团利润最大化为目标，运用优化理论建立了单目标0-1规划的订单分配模型．模型中考虑了股权、资金成本、固定运营成本等因素．对模型求解可以确定集团对市场订单的分配，并由此编制集团各成员企业的生产及运输计划．用算例说明了模型的求解方法．     

C_0-C_0轴式大功率货运电力机车牵引装置技术难点分析及对策

目前货运电力机车正朝着重载大功率方向发展,其中C0-C0六轴大功率货运电力机车又是重点发展的车型。大功率货运电力机车要求牵引装置具有低的牵引点高度、更高的结构强度。同时,大功率牵引电机的尺寸大,底部限界的要求也限制了牵引装置的设计空间。文章结合HXD1B型电力机车牵引装置,重点分析了该结构是如何满足六轴大功率货运电力机车要求的。     

ATP/TD系统的列车位置检测原理与闭塞逻辑分析

通过对ATP/TD系统列车位置检测工作原理的描述,结合列车运行情况,观察闭塞逻辑继电器的动作及复位,分析闭塞逻辑电路的时间特性、记忆特性。